The first one could be bottling.
-Boil water and sugar in a saucepan. (heavy syrup= 3 cups sugar to 3 cups water, moderate syrup= 2 cups sugar to 3 cups water, light syrup= 1 cup sugar to 3 cups water)
-Sterilise a vacuum bottle.
-Rinse and cut up pieces of fruit. (you can decide the fruit. Apples would be good)
-Place the fruit into the jar.
-Once sugar is dissolved, add the syrup to the bottle, leaving a 1 cm space up the top.
-Seal the jar (hermatic seal). It should be sealed with a metal or galss lid which rests on a rubber ring to make the joint air tight.
-Sterilise the jar by placing it in a water bath (bottles are placed in boiling water for a specified time). During this time, air should be escaping from the bottle, and as it cools, a vacuum should form at the top of the bottle.
Obviously, this uses the principles of water availability (sugar preserves the food by binding water and drying out the microbes, thus destroying them) and increase in temp.
I'm not sure about the second experiment though.