I think some good ones would be:
-imagery (visual, kinesthetic, olfactory, gustatory, tactile)- e.g. vivid description of the landscape comments on one's attitude towards belonging. (are you studying Romulus My Father?)
-symbolism
-personification
-metaphor + simile
-allegory
-juxtaposition (if you're ever in doubt, always use this one since it's apparent in every text)
-dialogue
-internal monologue
-positive/negative diction (connotations)
-irony
-repetition
-recurring motif
-first/second/third person narration
-hyperbole
-intertexuality
-tone (although this is a bit vague)
-allusion (biblical, historical etc)
The following ones are some which I think are kind of 'cheap' and should avoid being used unless you have to i.e. only use it when you can't find any 'better' techniques
-alliteration + assonance
-onomatopoeia
-punctuation e.g. exclamation marks
-colloquial language
-accumulation
plus any other ones which are not sophisticated enough
BTW, does anybody know what 'anaphora' means? I saw someone mention it as a technique in a practice essay.