flipsyde
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Glossary of terms – The blueprint of life
Phenotype- The observable and physical characteristics of an organism. They can be determined by physical make up or environmental factors.
Genotype- The combination of alleles located on homologous chromosomes that determines a specific characteristic or trait.
Allele- One member of a pair or series of genes that occupy a specific position on a specific chromosome.
Palaeontology- The study of fossils
Biogeography- Study of distribution of animals on the earth
Comparative embryology- embryos of a species that have similar traits in the early stages of development.
Natural selection and Isolation- The barriers that isolate a species which leads to evolution due to the environment selecting certain characteristics- mutation.
DNA- A nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in the cell and is capable of self-replication and synthesis of RNA. DNA consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine. The sequence of nucleotides determines individual hereditary characteristics.
RNA- A polymeric constituent of all living cells and many viruses, consisting of a long, usually single-stranded chain of alternating phosphate and ribose units with the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil bonded to the ribose. The structure and base sequence of RNA are determinants of protein synthesis and the transmission of genetic information. Also called ribonucleic acid.
Phenotype- The observable and physical characteristics of an organism. They can be determined by physical make up or environmental factors.
Genotype- The combination of alleles located on homologous chromosomes that determines a specific characteristic or trait.
Allele- One member of a pair or series of genes that occupy a specific position on a specific chromosome.
Palaeontology- The study of fossils
Biogeography- Study of distribution of animals on the earth
Comparative embryology- embryos of a species that have similar traits in the early stages of development.
Natural selection and Isolation- The barriers that isolate a species which leads to evolution due to the environment selecting certain characteristics- mutation.
DNA- A nucleic acid that carries the genetic information in the cell and is capable of self-replication and synthesis of RNA. DNA consists of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and joined by hydrogen bonds between the complementary bases adenine and thymine or cytosine and guanine. The sequence of nucleotides determines individual hereditary characteristics.
RNA- A polymeric constituent of all living cells and many viruses, consisting of a long, usually single-stranded chain of alternating phosphate and ribose units with the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil bonded to the ribose. The structure and base sequence of RNA are determinants of protein synthesis and the transmission of genetic information. Also called ribonucleic acid.
