I'm a professional C++, Java, and Python developer.
Python is probably the friendliest beginner's language. It's the one I started with and I can't imagine starting with anything else. The biggest problem with Python as a first language is that Python is too easy -- it hides what's happening under the hood. But that's why you go on to learn C as a second language
C++ is a direct upgrade from C in the sense that a nailgun is a direct upgrade from a hammer. They seem to accomplish the same thing, but if you try to hammer something with a nailgun you're gonna have a bad time. Programming in C++ requires entirely different idioms and patterns to programming in C. A C programmer would not be able to write production C++ or vice versa. C is a minimal, effective, and beautiful language. C++ is a bloated behemoth. Don't try to learn C++ as a first language. C as a first language is possible, but you have to be patient because for a long time you won't understand half of what's going on.
Python is not just a scripting language. It's a general-purpose language that's used for more and more things as time goes by and it gets faster and more effective. Python has massive adoption in scientific and mathematical computing, web dev, finance, machine learning and data analysis, desktop apps, game development, and so on.
Java as a language is smaller than Python and much smaller than C++, but larger than C. It's harder as a beginner's language than Python but substantially easier than C or C++. I don't think there's a good reason to start in Java rather than Python because unlike C or C++, Java doesn't have any interesting concepts that Python's missing. Java is a less expressive, more verbose, more boring version of Python, and it's not much faster than Python either.