a(to the power of 3y-5) = 1 over a(squared)
That is: a^(3y-5)=a^(-2)
If you're in year 11 you don't need to know this, but: take the logarithm of base a to get:
3y-5=-2
y=1
Whenever you're faced with a question like this, get everything to the same 'base'. In your questino that base is a. When you've done that you can just basicalyl ignore a andequate the powers of a.
E.g.:
4^(2x+9)=2^(-2x)
On the left-hand side, you need to get it into a power of 2. Since 4=2^2, 4^(2x+9)=2^2(2x+9)
That is:
2^(4x+18)=2^(-2x)
Now equate powers:
4x+18=-2x
6x=18
x=3