Also, a problem in this debate is the vagueness of the concept 'death'. E.g. are we best to define it in terms of the absence of experience, or in terms of loss (of loved ones/things) or in terms of non-being etc...?
Chadd, if you want a good overview of death anxiety issues I would recommend part one of Irvin Yalom's
Existential Psychotherapy entitled
Death.
While fear of death is common, I don't think that it is inevitable. It is simple enough to note that what some fear others don't, referring here to an arbirtrary object of fear, and that there are pathological cases, resulting from brain damage, where fear/anxiety seem almost to be erased from a person's experience. The first point implies that most fears within our social catalogue are not shared by all people and are thus not necesary. Similarly, the pathological cases seem to show that even without any fears rationality, agency, and so forth, may remain. It is not a big leap to suppose that this contingency may extend also to the fear/anxiety of death.
It is interesting seeing the way death anxiety is approached in different traditions. Epicurus, Lucretius, and the Stoics all seem to argue for the irrationality of the fear of death, presumably hoping that reasoned thought can overcome death anxiety and produce a more pleasurable life. Buddhism, to generalise, seems to accept the impermanence of things as a central truth and so attempts are made by some teachers to encourage a general acceptance that all that one cherishes in the world will eventually fade into oblivion (
things fall apart). A point of interest - the aforementioned Greeks and Romans seemed to think that rejection of the fear of death leads to a better life. However, there is a body of literature (described by Yalom in the text mentioned above) showing that life is often invigorated following a near death experience. Too much death anxiety is disabling, but the right amount can help one, it would seem, to treasure the
now and live a richer life.